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For other uses, see. Karnataka Map of Karnataka Coordinates (Bangalore):: Country Formation 1 November 1956 (as ) Capital (and largest city) (Bengaluru) 30 Government • Body • • () • (224 + 75 seats) • Area • Total 191,791 km 2 (74,051 sq mi) Area rank Highest elevation 1,925 m (6,316 ft) Lowest elevation 0 m (0 ft) Population (2011) • Total 61,130,704 • Rank • Density 320/km 2 (830/sq mi) () 75.60% (2011 census) 0.6176 ( medium) HDI rank 8th (2015) Website Symbols of Karnataka,,, Song Dance Karnataka is a state in the south western region of. It was on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the. Originally known as the, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973. Only a small part of the state corresponds to the.
The capital and largest city is (Bengaluru). Karnataka is bordered by the to the west, to the northwest, to the north, to the northeast, to the east, to the southeast, and to the south. The state covers an area of 191,976 square kilometres (74,122 sq mi), or 5.83 percent of the total geographical area of India. With 61,130,704 inhabitants at the 2011 census, Karnataka is, comprising 30., one of the of India, is the most widely spoken and official language of the state alongside Konkani, Tulu, and Sanskrit. Karnataka also has the only 3 naturally Sanskrit-speaking districts in India. The two main river systems of the state are the and its tributaries, the,,,, and, in the north, and the and its tributaries, the,,, and, in the south. Most of these rivers flow out of Karnataka eastward, reaching the sea at the.
Though have been suggested for the name Karnataka, the generally accepted one is that Karnataka is derived from the Kannada words karu and nādu, meaning 'elevated land'. Karu nadu may also be read as karu, meaning 'black', and nadu, meaning 'region', as a reference to the found in the region of the state. The used the word, sometimes Karnatak, to describe both sides of peninsular India, south of the Krishna.
With an antiquity that dates to the, Karnataka has been home to some of the most powerful. The philosophers and musical bards patronised by these empires launched socio-religious and literary movements which have endured to the present day. Karnataka has contributed significantly to both forms of Indian classical music, the and traditions. Mallikarjuna temple and Kashi Vishwanatha temple at, built successively by the kings of the Chalukya Empire and Rashtrakuta Empire is a. Karnataka's pre-history goes back to a hand-axe culture evidenced by discoveries of, among other things, hand axes and cleavers in the region. Evidence of and cultures have also been found in the state.
Gold discovered in was found to be imported from mines in Karnataka, prompting scholars to hypothesise about contacts between ancient Karnataka and the ca. Prior to the third century BCE, most of Karnataka formed part of the before coming under the of. Four centuries of rule followed, allowing them to control large areas of Karnataka. The decline of Satavahana power led to the rise of the earliest native kingdoms, the and the, marking the region's emergence as an independent political entity.
The, founded by, had its capital at; the was formed with as its capital. Sala fighting the Lion, the emblem of Hoysala Empire These were also the first kingdoms to use in administration, as evidenced by the and a fifth-century copper coin discovered at Banavasi. These dynasties were followed by imperial Kannada empires such as the, the and the, which ruled over large parts of the and had their capitals in what is now Karnataka.
The Western Chalukyas patronised a unique style of and Kannada which became a precursor to the art of the 12th century. Parts of modern-day Southern Karnataka (Gangavadi) were occupied by the at the turn of the 11th century.
The Cholas and the Hoysalas fought over the region in the early 12th century before it eventually came under Hoysala rule. Statue of at (a ), located within the ruins of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara Empire At the turn of the first millennium, the gained power in the region. Flourished during this time, which led to the emergence of distinctive Kannada, and the construction of temples and sculptures adhering to the style of architecture. The expansion of the Hoysala Empire brought minor parts of modern and under its rule.
In the early 14th century, and established the with its capital, Hosapattana (later named ), on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in the modern Bellary district. The empire rose as a bulwark against Muslim advances into South India, which it completely controlled for over two centuries. In 1565, Karnataka and the rest of South India experienced a major geopolitical shift when the Vijayanagara empire fell to a confederation of Islamic sultanates in the. The, which had risen after the demise of the of Bidar, soon took control of the Deccan; it was defeated by the in the late 17th century.
The Bahmani and Bijapur rulers encouraged Urdu and Persian literature and architecture, the being one of the high points of this style. During the sixteenth century, Hindus migrated to Karnataka, mostly from,, while during the seventeenth and eighteenth century, migrated to and, especially from, Goa, as a result of food shortages, epidemics and heavy taxation imposed by the. Portrait of Tipu Sultan (1792) of the Mysore Kingdom, in the care of the In the period that followed, parts of northern Karnataka were ruled by the, the, the, and other powers. In the south, the, a former of the Vijayanagara Empire, was briefly independent. With the death of,, the commander-in-chief of the Mysore army, gained control of the region.
After his death, the kingdom was inherited by his son. To contain European expansion in South India, Haidar Ali and later Tipu Sultan fought four significant, the last of which resulted in Tippu Sultan's death and the incorporation of Mysore into the in 1799. The Kingdom of Mysore was restored to the Wodeyars and Mysore remained a princely state under the British Raj. Chief Minister announcing the new name of the Mysore state as Karnataka As the ' gave way to dissent and resistance from princely states across the country,, and others spearheaded rebellions in Karnataka in 1830, nearly three decades before the. However, Kitturu was taken over by the British East India Company even before the doctrine was officially articulated by Lord Dalhousie in 1848. Other uprisings followed, such as the ones at,,, and.
These rebellions — which coincided with the – were led by Mundargi Bhimarao, Bhaskar Rao Bhave, the Halagali Bedas, and others. By the late 19th century, the independence movement had gained momentum; Karnad Sadashiva Rao,,,, and others carried on the struggle into the early 20th century.
After India's independence, the Maharaja,, allowed his kingdom's accession to India. In 1950, Mysore became an Indian state of the same name; the former Maharaja served as its Rajpramukh (head of state) until 1975. Following the long-standing demand of the, Kodagu- and Kannada-speaking regions from the adjoining states of Madras, Hyderabad and Bombay were incorporated into the Mysore state, under the of 1956. The thus expanded state was renamed Karnataka, seventeen years later, in 1973. In the early 1900s through the post-independence era, industrial visionaries such as Sir, born in, district, played an important role in the development of Karnataka's strong manufacturing and industrial base.
Geography [ ]. Formed by Sharavathi River, are the second highest plunge waterfalls in India. The state has three principal geographical zones: • The coastal region of • The hilly region comprising the • The region comprising the plains of the The bulk of the state is in the Bayaluseeme region, the northern part of which is the second-largest region in India. The highest point in Karnataka is the hills in which has an altitude of 1,929 metres (6,329 ft). Some of the important rivers in Karnataka are,,, and the. A large number of are constructed across these rivers which richly add to the and hydel power generation capacities of the state. Karnataka consists of four main types of geological formations — the complex made up of and granitic, the non-fossiliferous sedimentary formations of the Kaladgi and Bhima series, the Deccan trappean and intertrappean deposits and the tertiary and recent and alluvial deposits.
Significantly, about 60% of the state is composed of the Archean complex which consist of gneisses, granites and charnockite rocks. Laterite cappings that are found in many districts over the were formed after the cessation of volcanic activity in the early tertiary period. Eleven groups of soil orders are found in Karnataka, viz.,,,,,,,,, and. Depending on the agricultural capability of the soil, the soil types are divided into six types, red,,, alluvio-colluvial, forest and coastal soils. Karnataka experiences four seasons.
The winter in January and February is followed by summer between March and May, the monsoon season between June and September and the post-monsoon season from October till December., Karnataka is divided into three zones — coastal, north interior and south interior. Of these, the coastal zone receives the heaviest rainfall with an average rainfall of about 3,638.5 mm (143 in) per annum, far in excess of the state average of 1,139 mm (45 in).
In the receives the second highest annual rainfall in India. The highest recorded temperature was 45.6 (114 ) at and the lowest recorded temperature was 2.8 °C (37 °F). About 38,724 km 2 (14,951 sq mi) of Karnataka (i.e. 20% of the state's geographic area) is covered by forests. The forests are classified as reserved, protected, unclosed, village and private forests. The percentage of forested area is slightly less than the all-India average of about 23%, and significantly less than the 33% prescribed in the National Forest Policy.
Sub-divisions [ ]. — 1961 23,587,000 21.6% 1971 29,299,000 24.2% 1981 37,136,000 26.7% 1991 44,977,000 21.1% 2001 52,850,562 17.5% 2011 61,095,297 15.6% Source:Census of India According to the 2011 census of India, the total population of Karnataka was 61,095,297 of which 30,966,657 (50.7%) were male and 30,128,640 (49.3%) were female, or 1000 males for every 973 females. This represents a 15.60% increase over the population in 2001. The population density was 319 per km 2 and 38.67% of the people lived in urban areas.
The literacy rate was 75.36% with 82.47% of males and 68.08% of females being literate. 84.00% of the population were, 12.92% were, 1.87% were, 0.72% were, 0.16% were, 0.05% were and 0.02% were belonging to other religions and 0.27% of the population did not state their religion. Is the official language of Karnataka and spoken as a native language by about 66.26% of the people as of 2001.
Other linguistic minorities in the state were (10.54%), (7.03%), (3.57%), (3.6%), (3.0%), (2.56%), (1.46%), (1.33%) and (0.3%). In 2007 the state had a birth rate of 2.2%, a death rate of 0.7%, an infant mortality rate of 5.5% and a maternal mortality rate of 0.2%. In the field of speciality health care, Karnataka's private sector competes with the best in the world. Karnataka has also established a modicum of public health services having a better record of health care and child care than most other states of India.
In spite of these advances, some parts of the state still leave much to be desired when it comes to primary health care. Government and administration [ ]. In (seat of the ) Karnataka has a system of government with two democratically elected houses, the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. The Legislative Assembly consists of 224 members who are elected for five-year terms. The Legislative Council is a permanent body of 75 members with one-third (25 members) retiring every two years. The is headed by the who is chosen by the ruling party of the. The Chief Minister, along with the council of ministers, drives the legislative agenda and exercises most of the executive powers.
However, the constitutional and formal head of the state is the who is appointed for a five-year term by the on the advice of the Union government. The people of Karnataka also elect 28 members to the, the lower house of the Indian Parliament. The members of the state Legislative Assembly elect 12 members to the, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.
For administrative purposes, Karnataka has been divided into four revenue divisions, 49 sub-divisions, 30 districts, 175 and 745 hoblies / revenue circles. The administration in each district is headed by a who belongs to the and is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Karnataka state services. The, an officer belonging to the and assisted by the officers of the Karnataka Police Service, is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues in each district.
The, an officer belonging to the, is entrusted with the responsibility of managing forests, environment and wildlife of the district, he will be assisted by the officers belonging to and officers belonging to Karnataka Forest Subordinate Service. Sectoral development in the districts is looked after by the district head of each development department such as Public Works Department, Health, Education, Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, etc. The judiciary in the state consists of the ( Attara Kacheri) in Bangalore, in each district and lower courts and judges at the taluk level. Politics in Karnataka has been dominated by three political parties, the, the and the. Politicians from Karnataka have played prominent roles in with some of them having held the high positions of and Vice-President. Border disputes involving Karnataka's claim on the and districts and 's are ongoing since the states reorganisation. The official has a in the centre.
Surmounting this are four lions facing the four directions, taken from the. The emblem also carries two with the head of an and the body of a. GSDP Growth of the Karnatakan Economy over the previous years Karnataka had an estimated GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product) of about US$115.86 billion in the 2014–15 fiscal year. The state registered a GSDP growth rate of 7% for the year 2014–2015. Karnataka's contribution to India's GDP in the year 2014–15 was 7.54%. With GDP growth of 17.59% and per capita GDP growth of 16.04%, Karnataka is on the 6th position among all states and union territories.
In an employment survey conducted for the year 2013–2014, the unemployment rate in Karnataka was 1.8% compared to the national rate of 4.9%. In 2011–2012, Karnataka had an estimated poverty ratio of 20.91% compared to the national ratio of 21.92%. Nearly 56% of the workforce in Karnataka is engaged in agriculture and related activities. A total of 12.31 million hectares of land, or 64.6% of the state's total area, is cultivated.
Much of the agricultural output is dependent on the as only 26.5% of the sown area is irrigated. Karnataka is the manufacturing hub for some of the largest industries in India, including,,, and (formerly Hindustan Machine Tools), which are based in Bengaluru. Many of India's premier science and technology research centres, such as,, and the, are also headquartered in Karnataka.
Is an, located in Mangalore. Contribution to economy by sector Since the 1980s, Karnataka has emerged as the pan-Indian leader in the field of IT (). In 2007, there were nearly 2,000 firms operating in Karnataka.
Many of them, including two of India's biggest software firms, and, are also headquartered in the state. Exports from these firms exceeded ₹50,000 crores ($12.5 billion) in 2006–07, accounting for nearly 38% of all IT exports from India. The area in the outskirts of is the site of the upcoming $22 billion, 50 square kilometre, one of the largest infrastructure projects in the history of Karnataka. All this has earned the state capital, Bangalore, the sobriquet.
Karnataka also leads the nation in. It is home to India's largest biocluster, with 158 of the country's 320 biotechnology firms being based here. The state accounts for 75% of India's, an upcoming industry which supplies flowers and ornamental plants worldwide.
Seven of India's banks,,,,,, and the originated in this state. The coastal districts of and have a branch for every 500 persons—the best distribution of banks in India. In March 2002, Karnataka had 4767 branches of different banks with each branch serving 11,000 persons, which is lower than the national average of 16,000. A majority of the is headquartered in Karnataka, much of it in, and the state government intends to invest ₹70 crore in a 'Silk City' at, near. Transport [ ].
Main articles:,, and Air transport in Karnataka, as in the rest of the country, is still a fledgling but fast expanding sector. Karnataka has airports at,,,,, and with international operations from and airports. Karnataka has a railway network with a total length of approximately 3,089 kilometres (1,919 mi). Until the creation of the South Western Zone headquartered at in 2003, the railway network in the state was in the Southern and Western railway zones. Several parts of the state now come under the South Western Zone, with the remainder under the Southern Railways.
Coastal Karnataka is covered under the network which was considered India's biggest railway project of the century. Bangalore is well-connected with inter-state destinations, while other towns in the state are not.
A docked at the New Mangalore Port Karnataka has 11, including the, a major port and ten minor ports, of which three were operational in 2012. The New Mangalore port was incorporated as the ninth major port in India on 4 May 1974. This port handled 32.04 million tonnes of traffic in the fiscal year 2006–07 with 17.92 million tonnes of imports and 14.12 million tonnes of exports.
The port also handled 1015 vessels including 18 cruise vessels during the year 2006–07. Foreigners can enter Mangalore through the New Mangalore Port with the help of Electronic visa (e-visa).
From, and arrive at New Mangalore Port to visit the tourist places across. The total lengths of and state highways in Karnataka are 3,973 and 9,829 kilometres (2,469 and 6,107 mi), respectively.
The, the state public transport corporation, transports an average of 2.2 million passengers daily and employs about 25,000 people. In the late nineties, KSRTC was split into four corporations, viz., The Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation, The North-East Karnataka Road Transport Corporation and The North-West Karnataka Road Transport Corporation with their headquarters in Bangalore, Gulbarga and Hubli respectively, and with the remnant of the KSRTC maintaining operations in the rest of the state from its headquarters in Bangalore. A artist The diverse linguistic and religious ethnicities that are native to Karnataka, combined with their long histories, have contributed immensely to the varied cultural heritage of the state. Apart from Kannadigas, Karnataka is home to, and. Minor populations of and tribes like the, Yeravas, and also live in Karnataka. The cover the entire gamut of music, dance, drama, storytelling by itinerant troupes, etc.
Yakshagana of Malnad and coastal Karnataka, a classical dance drama, is one of the major theatrical forms of Karnataka. Contemporary theatre culture in Karnataka remains vibrant with organisations like,, and continuing to build on the foundations laid by,,,, Prasanna and.,, and are popular dance forms.
The style of, nurtured and popularised by the likes of the legendary, continues to hold sway in Karnataka, and Bangalore also enjoys an eminent place as one of the foremost centres of Bharatanatya. Karnataka also has a special place in the world of, with both Karnataka () and styles finding place in the state, and Karnataka has produced a number of. The movement of the sixteenth century contributed significantly to the development of Karnataka (Carnatic) music as a performing art form., one of the most revered, is known as the Karnataka Sangeeta Pitamaha ('Father of Karnataka a.k.a. Carnatic music'). Celebrated Hindustani musicians like,,,, and hail from Karnataka, and some of them have been recipients of the, and awards. Noted Carnatic musicians include Violin T.
Chowdiah, Veena Sheshanna, Mysore Vasudevachar, Doreswamy Iyengar and Thitte Krishna Iyengar. Is another based on Carnatic music that is practised in Karnataka. Is a genre of popular music that draws inspiration from the expressionist poetry of modern poets. The Mysore school of painting has produced painters like Sundarayya, Tanjavur Kondayya, B. Venkatappa and Keshavayya.
Is an organisation in Karnataka dedicated to promoting painting, mainly in the style. Is the traditional dress of women in Karnataka. Women in Kodagu have a distinct style of wearing the saree, different from the rest of Karnataka., known as Panche in Karnataka, is the traditional attire of men., and are widely worn in Urban areas. Is the traditional headgear of southern Karnataka, while the pagadi or pataga (similar to the ) is preferred in the northern areas of the state. And form the staple food in South Karnataka, whereas, is staple to North Karnataka.,,,,, and are some of the popular food items in Karnataka. Among sweets,, of and, and are popular. Apart from this, and Kodagu have distinctive cuisines of their own.
Of coastal Karnataka is popular all over India. Religion [ ]. Mandyada Shri Shiradi Sai Baba Mandir in (788–820) chose in Karnataka to establish the first of his four (monastery).
(1238–1317) was the chief proponent of (Philosophy of Reality), popularly known as or Dualistic school of Hindu philosophy — one of the three most influential philosophies. Madhvacharya was one of the important philosophers during the.
He was a pioneer in many ways, going against standard conventions and norms. According to tradition, Madhvacharya is believed to be the third incarnation of (Mukhyaprana), after and. The devotional movement is considered as one of the turning points in the cultural history of India. Over a span of nearly six centuries, several saints and mystics helped shape the culture, philosophy and art of South India and Karnataka in particular by exerting considerable spiritual influence over the masses and kingdoms that ruled South India. This movement was ushered in by the Haridasas (literally 'servants of Lord Hari') and took shape in the 13th century – 14th century CE, period, prior to and during the early rule of the Vijayanagara empire. The main objective of this movement was to propagate the Dvaita philosophy of Madhvacharya (Madhva Siddhanta) to the masses through a literary medium known as literature of the servants of the Lord. Sony Vegas Pro 9 Chroma Keyer Download.
Is widely recognised as the 'Pithamaha' of for his immense contribution., the leading expounder of, spent many years in. He came to Karnataka in 1098 AD and lived here until 1122 AD.
He first lived in Tondanur and then moved to Melkote where the and a well-organised matha were built. He was patronised by the Hoysala king,. In the twelfth century, emerged in northern Karnataka as a protest against the rigidity of the prevailing social and caste system. Leading figures of this movement were, and, who established the which was the centre of all religious and philosophical thoughts and discussions pertaining to Ligayats. These three social reformers did so by the literary means of 'Vachana Sahitya' which is very famous for its simple, straight forward and easily understandable Kannada language.
Lingayatism preached women equality by letting women wear Ishtalinga i.e. Symbol of god around their neck. Shunned the sharp hierarchical divisions that existed and sought to remove all distinctions between the hierarchically superior master class and the subordinate, servile class.
He also supported inter-caste marriages and Kaayaka Tatva of Basavanna. This was the basis of the faith which today counts millions among its followers.
The philosophy and literature have contributed immensely to the religious and cultural landscape of Karnataka., which had an early presence on the west coast of India as early as the tenth century, gained a foothold in Karnataka with the rise of the Bahamani and Bijapur sultanates that ruled parts of Karnataka. Reached Karnataka in the sixteenth century with the arrival of the and in 1545. Was popular in Karnataka during the first millennium in places such as and. A chance discovery of edicts and several relics at in in 1986 has proven that the basin was once home to both and Buddhism. There are camps in Karnataka. Is celebrated as the Nada habba (state festival) and this is marked by major festivities at Mysore.
(Kannada New Year), (the harvest festival),,,,, and are the other major festivals of Karnataka. Language [ ]. (450 CE) is the earliest attested inscription in the.
The serves as the official language of the state of Karnataka, as the native language of approximately 65% of its population and as one of the. Kannada played a crucial role in the creation of Karnataka: linguistic demographics played a major role in defining the new state in 1956., and are other minor native languages that share a long history in the state. Is spoken widely by the population. Less widely spoken languages include and certain languages such as.
Some of the regional languages in Karnataka are,, and. Kannada features a rich and ancient body of including religious and secular genre, covering topics as diverse as (such as ), (such as ), (such as ) and.
Evidence from edicts during the time of (reigned 274–232 BCE) suggest that Buddhist literature influenced the and its literature. The, the earliest attested full-length inscription in the Kannada language and script, dates from 450 CE, while the earliest available literary work, the, has been dated to 850 CE. References made in the Kavirajamarga, however, prove that Kannada literature flourished in the native composition meters such as Chattana, Beddande and Melvadu during earlier centuries. The classic refers to several earlier greats ( purvacharyar) of Kannada poetry and prose., the renowned Kannada poet and writer who wrote, the state anthem of Karnataka was the first recipient of the ' award, the highest civilian award bestowed by the. Contemporary has received considerable acknowledgement in the arena of Indian literature, with eight Kannada writers winning India's highest literary honour, the. Is spoken mainly in the of and.
Tulu Mahabharato, written by Arunabja in the script, is the oldest surviving Tulu text. Tigalari script was used by Brahmins to write language. The use of the for writing Tulu and non-availability of print in Tigalari script contributed to the marginalisation of Tigalari script. Is mostly spoken in the and districts and in parts of, Konkani use the for writing.
The who mainly reside in the, speak Kodava Takk. Two regional variations of the language exist, the northern Mendale Takka and the southern Kiggaati Takka.
Kodava Takk use the Kannada script for writing. English is the medium of education in many schools and widely used for business communication in most private companies. All of the state's languages are patronised and promoted by governmental and quasi-governmental bodies. The and the Kannada Sahitya Akademi are responsible for the promotion of Kannada while the Karnataka Konkani Sahitya Akademi, the Tulu Sahitya Akademi and the Kodava Sahitya Akademi promote their respective languages. Education [ ]. Is one of the premier institutes of India.
As per the 2011 census, Karnataka had a of 75.60%, with 82.85% of males and 68.13% of females in the state being literate. In 2001, the literacy rate of the state were 67.04%, with 76.29% of males and 57.45% of females being literate.
The state is home to some of the premier educational and research institutions of India such as the, the, the the, the and the. In March 2006, Karnataka had 54,529 primary schools with 252,875 teachers and 8.495 million students, and 9498 secondary schools with 92,287 teachers and 1.384 million students. There are three kinds of schools in the state, viz., government-run, private aided (financial aid is provided by the government) and private unaided (no financial aid is provided). The primary languages of instruction in most schools are Kannada and English. The syllabus taught in the schools is either of the, the or the state syllabus () defined by the Department of Public Instruction of the. However, some schools follow the syllabus.
The state has two sainik schools — in Kodagu and in Bijapur. To maximise attendance in schools, the Karnataka Government has launched a midday meal scheme in government and aided schools in which free lunch is provided to the students. Are conducted at the end of secondary education. Students who qualify are allowed to pursue a two-year, after which they become eligible to pursue degrees. Literacy rates of Karnataka districts There are 481 degree colleges affiliated with one of the in the state, viz.,,,, and.
In 1998, the engineering colleges in the state were brought under the newly formed headquartered at, whereas the medical colleges are run under the jurisdiction of the. Some of these baccalaureate colleges are accredited with the status of a.
There are 186 engineering, 39 medical and 41 dental colleges in the state.,, and are well-known places of and learning. In 2015 the Central Government decided to establish the first in Karnataka. Tulu and Konkani languages are taught as an optional subject in the twin districts of and. High literacy districts [ ] Rank District Literacy 1 (South Canara) 88.57% 2 87.67% 3 86.24% 4 (North Canara) 84.06% 5 82.61% High literacy taluks [ ] Rank Taluk Literacy 1 () 92% 2 () 90% 3 () 89% 4 () 88% 5 () 88% Media [ ]. Main article: The era of Kannada newspapers started in the year 1843 when, a from, published the first Kannada newspaper called in. The first Kannada periodical, Mysuru Vrittanta Bodhini was started by Bhashyam Bhashyacharya in Mysore.
Shortly after Indian independence in 1948, K. Guruswamy founded The Printers (Mysore) Private Limited and began publishing two newspapers, and. Presently the and are the largest-selling English and Kannada newspapers respectively. A vast number of weekly, biweekly and monthly magazines are under publication in both Kannada and English.,,,,, Eesanje,, are also some popular dailies published from Karnataka. Is the broadcaster of the and its channel is dedicated to Kannada. Prominent include,,,,, and.
Karnataka occupies a special place in the history of Indian radio. In 1935, Aakashvani, the first private radio station in India, was started by Prof. Gopalaswamy in. The popular radio station was taken over by the local municipality and later by (AIR) and moved to Bangalore in 1955. Later in 1957, AIR adopted the original name of the radio station, Aakashavani as its own. Some of the popular programs aired by AIR Bangalore included Nisarga Sampada and Sasya Sanjeevini which were programs that taught science through songs, plays and stories. These two programs became so popular that they were translated and broadcast in 18 different languages and the entire series was recorded on cassettes by the Government of Karnataka and distributed to thousands of schools across the state.
Karnataka has witnessed a growth in FM radio channels, mainly in the cities of Bangalore, Mangalore and Mysore, which has become hugely popular. Former captain of the Indian Test team and spin legend, is the highest wicket-taker for India in international cricket. Karnataka's smallest district,, is a major contributor to, producing numerous players who have represented India at the international level. The annual is the largest hockey tournament in the world. Has hosted a event and, in 1997, it hosted the fourth National Games of India. The Sports Authority of India, the premier sports institute in the country, and the Tennis Academy are also situated in Bangalore.
Karnataka has been referred to as the cradle of Indian swimming because of its high standards in comparison to other states. One of the most popular sports in Karnataka is. Has won the seven times, second only to in terms of success. In Bangalore regularly hosts and is also the home of the, which was opened in 2000 to nurture potential international players. Many have represented and in one international match held in the 1990s; players from Karnataka composed the majority of the national team.
The, an franchise, the, an franchise, the, a franchise, the, a franchise and the, a franchise are based in Bangalore. The is an inter-regional cricket tournament played in the state. Notable sportsmen from Karnataka include,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, who won the in 1980 and who has won three world titles in by the age of 20 including the amateur in 2003 and the World Billiards Championship in 2005. Has produced some of the best known road cyclists in the national circuit.
Premalata Sureban was part of the Indian contingent at the Perlis Open '99 in. In recognition of the talent of cyclists in the district, the state government laid down a cycling track at the B.R.
Ambedkar Stadium at a cost of ₹ 40 lakh. Sports like,, and goli () are played mostly in Karnataka's rural areas. Flora and fauna [ ]. At near Bangalore Karnataka has a rich diversity of flora and fauna. It has a recorded forest area of 38,720 km 2 (14,950 sq mi) which constitutes 20.19% of the total geographical area of the state.
These forests support 25% of the and 10% of the population of India. Many regions of Karnataka are as yet unexplored, so new species of flora and fauna are found periodically. The, a, includes the western region of Karnataka.
Two sub-clusters in the Western Ghats, viz. And, both in Karnataka, are on the tentative list of of. The Bandipur and Nagarahole National Parks, which fall outside these subclusters, were included in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in 1986, a UNESCO designation. The Indian roller and the are recognised as the state bird and animal while and the are recognised as the state tree and flower respectively.
Karnataka has five national parks:,,, and. It also has 27 wildlife sanctuaries of which seven are bird sanctuaries. Wild animals that are found in Karnataka include the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the and the.
Some of the birds found here are the, the, the, herons, ducks, kites, eagles,,,,,, pigeons, doves,, cuckoos, owls,,,, bee-eaters and. Some species of trees found in Karnataka are Callophyllum tomentosa, Callophyllum wightianum, Garcina cambogia, Garcina morealla, scholaris, Flacourtia montana, hirsutus, lacoocha, zeylanicum, tilaefolia, album, talura, officinalis, altissima and tinctoria. Wildlife in Karnataka is threatened by poaching, habitat destruction, human-wildlife conflict and pollution.
By virtue of its varied geography and long history, Karnataka hosts numerous spots of interest for tourists. There is an array of ancient sculptured temples, modern cities, scenic hill ranges, forests and beaches. Karnataka has been ranked as the fourth most popular destination for tourism among the states of India. Karnataka has the second highest number of nationally protected monuments in India, second only to, in addition to 752 monuments protected by the State Directorate of Archaeology and Museums. Another 25,000 monuments are yet to receive protection.
At, has the second largest pre-modern dome in the world after the Byzantine. The districts of the and the southern districts of the state have popular eco-tourism locations including, and. Karnataka has 25 wildlife sanctuaries and five national parks. Popular among them are, Bannerghatta National Park and. The ruins of the Vijayanagara Empire at and the monuments of are on the list of 's. The cave temples at and the rock-cut temples at representing the Badami Chalukyan style of architecture are also popular tourist destinations. The temples at and, which were built with Chloritic schist () are proposed UNESCO World Heritage sites.
The Gol Gumbaz and Ibrahim Rauza are famous examples of the Deccan Sultanate style of architecture. The monolith of Gomateshwara at is the tallest sculpted monolith in the world, attracting tens of thousands of pilgrims during the festival. Mysore painting depicting Several popular beaches dot the coastline, including,, and. In addition, Karnataka is home to several places of religious importance.
Several Hindu temples including the famous, the Marikamba Temple at, the Sri Manjunatha Temple at, and Sharadamba Temple at attract pilgrims from all over India. Most of the holy sites of, like and, are found in northern parts of the state., and are famous for Jain history and monuments. Jainism had a stronghold in Karnataka in the early medieval period with Shravanabelagola as its most important centre.
The near, an example of French colonial, is a rare example of a Christian ruin, is a popular tourist site. Recently Karnataka has emerged as a hot spot for health care tourism.
Karnataka has the highest number of approved health systems and alternative therapies in India. Along with some ISO certified government-owned hospitals, private institutions which provide international-quality services have caused the health care industry to grow by 30% during 2004–05. Hospitals in Karnataka treat around 8,000 health tourists every year. Wildlife Institute of India. Government of India.
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Many more foreign hostages than originally reported were taken by the Al Qaeda terrorists at the Amenas gas plant in Algeria. The Algerian government says that 100 out of 132 were freed, and some sources say that 30 or more hostages were killed. The British government offered the Algerians manpower, equipment, and expert assistance to expedite the resolution of the crisis, but was refused.
American, British, and French nationals are thought to be among the dead. In other news, the latest figures from Angola indicate that at least 250,000 Chinese nationals have migrated to the country. The Angolan government says that work permits were issued for the Chinese to assist with development projects. To see the headlines and the articles, open. Thanks to Andy Bostom, C. Cantoni, DS, EG, Insubria, JD,, Mary Abdelmassih,,,, and all the other tipsters who sent these in. Notice to tipsters: Please don’t submit extensive excerpts from articles that have been posted behind a subscription firewall, or are otherwise under copyright protection.
Commenters are advised to leave their comments at this post (rather than with the news articles) so that they are more easily accessible. Caveat: Articles in the news feed are posted “as is”. Gates of Vienna cannot vouch for the authenticity or accuracy of the contents of any individual item posted here. We check each entry to make sure it is relatively interesting, not patently offensive, and at least superficially plausible. The link to the original is included with each item’s title.
Further research and verification are left to the reader. Note: Takuan’s post (which was originally published last night) is to remain at the top for a while, so I made it “sticky”. However, much has happened since it went up, including the Blogger outage. Scroll down for a. See also: Two forthrightly, in Germany, and of the Imran Firasat interview. More new posts will be added below this one. Oh, and don’t mess around with.
The essay below is the conclusion of the ninth part in a series by Takuan Seiyo. See the list at the bottom of this post for links to the previous installments. Left: Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876 Right: George Grosz, Metropolis, 1916/17 The Bee and the Lamb Part 9 (continued) By Takuan Seiyo A Whole New Road to Serfdom That Which is Not Seen (continued) For over 60 years, White mea-culpists have had a firm grip in all fields of cultural mind imprinting: education high and low; paper media, then electronic, then digital media; all forms of entertainment, the plastic arts and music high and low, and religious instruction and worship too. Their main endeavor has been to enforce their compulsory (e.g. K-12) and discretionary (e.g.
Television) self-flaying on account of long-ago Slavery, Colonialism, Imperialism, Male Supremacism, Racism, Antisemitism, and so on. It’s the evils of the Iberian Inquisition — which were evil — but not the evils of the Japanese equivalent in which, in the 40 years up to 1597, 50,000 Christians were publicly crucified, burned or beheaded. Nor the evils of the worldwide Islamic Inquisition which — not in the 16th century but now, in the 21st, condemns Muslim apostates to barbaric execution. It’s America’s destruction of the snail darter but not Mussulmanism’s destruction of the Bamyan Buddhas or its proposed destruction of the, let alone its obliteration of all the pre-Rome cradles of Christianity but for remaining ruins in the Middle East and dust of the desert in North Africa. It’s the evils of feudalism and industrial workers’ exploitation in Europe and America, but not the strict Confucian evils of Northeast Asia.
There, a member of the ruling class in China had, essentially, a free hand with anyone of the lower classes, a Japanese samurai could test his sword by cutting down an insolent peasant, and farmers were so squeezed by their fief holders that they habitually sold their daughters to bordellos for the few coins it provided for next season’s seed. Feminism, Socialism and anti-Antisemitism should have arisen in Saudi Arabia or Yemen, Algeria or Peshawar, for good reasons.
Instead, aggressive White androphobes of all genders which I can no longer count are decimating the philogynous and egalitarian West. Equality psychos are tearing down the most egalitarian society that ever existed (except for initial communist experiments, before they turned bloody). American Jews, at the apex of the greatest fortune and philosemitic tolerance their long diaspora has ever bestowed on their kind, are busy supporting all the ideologies and policies that demolish their safe harbor and build up their Muslim, Black and Third World enemies.
They will come to rue their tacit assumption that better the antisemite you don’t know than the few hundred imputed and real ones catalogued at ADL. Montgomery Ward Hawthorne Bicycle Serial Numbers. One would be hard put to find a nation not based on the invasion of another people’s territory and their mass slaughter. Yet poisoned American madmen proclaim as though the Indians themselves did not fight endless genocidal wars from Peru to Canada, with torture, ritual murder or slavery for the captives and, at times, cannibalism too.
Leftoid masochists and the Christian meek call for returning Hawaii to the Hawaiians and capitulating before a massive Mexican reconquista of one-third of America. The self-defined “Feminist-Tauist-NeoPagan-Post-Structuralist-Deconstructionist-Socialist” useful idiot Gillian Schutte begins her New Year 2013 by “wholeheartedly apologizing for what my ancestors did to the people of South Africa and inviting you to do the same.” Yet the Magyars don’t seem to feel much guilt over the Illyrians, Pannonians, Sarmatians and Celts whose land and lives they took in the 9th century, to form Hungary. The rightful Etruscan landowners are not bearing angry placards in front of the Vatican. The Japanese are not planning to relinquish Hokkaido to its original owners, the Ainu. The tall, white and fair-haired Chachapoyas of the Andean forest have, alas, no remnants left to sue the Incas for genocide in a Peruvian court of law. The Aztecs, whether in Jalisco or Los Angeles, don’t agonize over having taken what would become Mexico City from its original Culhuacan owners, with lots of grisly details. Yet for 38 years Neil Young has been reminding adoring audiences about “”, discreetly omitting and the killer people whom Cortez killed.
Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust (1996) is a book by Daniel Goldhagen presenting the thesis that the German nation as such was composed of willing executioners of the Jews because of a unique “eliminationist antisemitism” in the German people, with long historical roots. However, even that great moral abyss of Western civilization — the Holocausts — stands out more in its industrialized and organizational features than it does either in the quality of its hatefulness or its relative or even absolute volumes.
And Holocausts they were, for in addition to the nearly 6 million Jews, the Germans also murdered over 21 million civilian Slavs, and that’s counting Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, Belarus and Czechoslovakia alone. In absolute numbers, the total number of World War II non-German civilian victims of Nazi Germany is smaller than the 50 million victims of the Bolsheviks in Russia, or Mao’s 70 million in China, or the Mughal-Muslim genocide of Hindus — the latter have their own Holocaust Day on August 14. In relative numbers, in just one year, 1994, the Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda, killed off a total of one million, in a population of 7 million. 75% of the Tutsi population was erased. Is it more humane to go by a stroke of a blunt machete than by a whiff of Zyklon B? The Khmer Rouge murdered at least 2 million Cambodians between 1975 and 1979: one quarter of the population, by a conservative count. Is it more humane to die by wallops from a Cambodian pickaxe handle than by a bullet from a German Mauser?
Inscription on the back (in German): “Ukraine 1942, Jewish Aktion, Ivangorod.” There is a special horror attached to the Third Reich, because those were 20 th century Europeans, Christians, and in many ways the smartest, most civilized people on Earth. But the Holocausts do not prove that Whites are worse than other people, just that they are no better. The history of the Third Reich also proves that with the right formula of economic blowup, misery and humiliation, sparked by charismatic evil, no people are immune to such horror, at no time.
A big tip of the Bodissey pickelhaube to our commenter Jolie Rouge, who with a brand new acronym. The occasion was an observation about (the link only works in the UK): Andrew Neil and Michael Portillo are joined by former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan and Alastair Campbell. Interesting conversation — acknowledging the geopolitical threat to the West.
Note the aggressor is not named other than by geographical location (e.g.) North Africa, Afghanistan and surprisingly the inclusion of Turkey. Amazingly they manage to avoid the JIM words — Jihad, Islam and Muslim. I think JIM could have great utility for our enterprise: it’s concise, pronounceable, handy to use, and easy to propagate. Who will be the first major Western politician (not counting Geert Wilders) to break the greatest cultural taboo of our time, and mess around with JIM? Tonight’s news feed is unusually fat, due to the inclusion of last night’s items, which were never used because of the Blogger outage.
Yesterday a group of Al Qaeda terrorists assaulted a natural gas plant in Algeria and killed two foreigners while taking 41 other hostage. Today Algerian special forces staged a helicopter raid on the plant, killing a number of the hostages — between six and 34, depending on whose figures you believe — in the process of taking out the terrorists.
Among the foreign hostages were American, British, French, and Japanese nationals. In other news, Germany has begun repatriating its foreign gold reserves, which are stored in vaults in Paris, London, and the United States. To see the headlines and the articles, open. Cantoni, Erick Stakelbeck, Fjordman, Insubria, JB, JD,,, McR,,, and all the other tipsters who sent these in.
Notice to tipsters: Please don’t submit extensive excerpts from articles that have been posted behind a subscription firewall, or are otherwise under copyright protection. + Commenters are advised to leave their comments at this post (rather than with the news articles) so that they are more easily accessible. Caveat: Articles in the news feed are posted “as is”. Gates of Vienna cannot vouch for the authenticity or accuracy of the contents of any individual item posted here. We check each entry to make sure it is relatively interesting, not patently offensive, and at least superficially plausible. The link to the original is included with each item’s title. Further research and verification are left to the reader.
Is a Pakistani ex-Muslim who collaborated with Terry Jones on the movie The Innocent Prophet (watch it ). The Spanish government recently revoked his status as a political refugee in Spain, and he is due to be deported to Pakistan, where he will face the death penalty for blasphemy. There is currently a to grant him and his family political asylum. Firasat was interviewed recently on Alerta Digital TV. The video below shows the third part of the interview, and includes segments in English of a statement by Terry Jones. Many thanks to our Spanish correspondent Hermes for the translation, and to for the subtitling: Transcript. We are in the midst of a Winter Weather Warning (also known as Crystallized Climate Change) here at Schloss Bodissey.
That means I am watching big, fat flakes accumulating on everything — though the driveway is still clear. Prior to that, we awoke this morning to heavy rains. It is our good fortune that there was never any period of transitional ice.
Thank heavens! Why am I talking about the weather, you ask?
Because this heavy wet snow may well eventuate in a power outage. Should that happen we would have no way to tell you why when, once again, no one seems to be home. If the power does go out, I’m confident it won’t be for long. Our rural electric cooperative is exceptionally good at handling these kinds of weather ‘events’; if we do go out, it won’t be for long. And thanks to the generosity of our donors several years ago, we installed a gas cook stove so we can cook and have — thank heavens, again — hot coffee during the outage. Yes, we are careful regarding the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning if we were to use the stove for heat. However, given how leaky our storm windows are, I’m not worried.
Here’s what NOAA says. Yesterday we reported on a group of young Muslim men who accost pedestrians in certain parts of east London. They insist that their turf is a “Muslim area”, and require that non-Muslims observe the appropriate dress code and the Islamic proscription on alcohol while they are there. The included an embedded video taken by the group and posted on their YouTube account. Since then YouTube has yanked the video, on that it was “intended to harass, bully and threaten.” However, for the sake of the historical record of these dire times, has preserved a (slightly augmented) copy at MRC TV. As you all know by now, our blog was suddenly removed last night between 8 and 9pm EST for no apparent reason.
Blogger never provided any explanation before, during, or after the outage. I assume it was an internal technical problem at Google. Below is a portion of a mass email I sent out earlier today to dozens of people who had written to us to ask what happened: Blogger “removed” our blog suddenly last night. One second it was there; the next it was gone. If we had violated their terms of service, we should have received an email, according to their own established procedure.
But we received no email. I retain my “dashboard” account, as does Dymphna. And, as you can see, I still have the gmail account. There is no “deleted blogs” link on our dashboards, as there should be if the blog had been deleted deliberately through a normal procedure. Late last night I began the process that one always goes through with Blogger: we posted requests on the help forum.
That’s really all that can be done; you can’t talk to human beings where Google is concerned. We actually received a response, which is unusual with Google. Based on the replies, there seems to have been a major problem with Blogger last night.
Many other blogs disappeared in the same fashion. I anticipate that this is most likely a technical glitch on Google’s part, based on the number and types of blogs that had the same thing happen to them last night. But we should know for certain within another day or two.
It’s also possible (but far less likely, in my estimation) that we were taken down for political reasons. If it was a deliberate take-down, we will migrate to another platform with our own domain. We back up the entire blog frequently, so only a few posts will be missing when we restore.