GPR Process: This is the workhorse for GPR processing that make the amplitude maps. It must use reflection profiles that are in.dzt format (GSSI). We now have the ability to convert Mala, Sensors and Software and soon IDS profiles to.dzt format within the GPR Viewer software (linked below). The instructions on how to do.

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We need more information to answer your question. First we need to know if you will use equipment from only one manufacturer or from multiple manufacturers, and which manufacturers specifically.

Do you own your equipment or will you be renting? Then we will need to know your application area(s). Will you only be doing 2D profiles, 3D surveys, what are your typical depths of investigation? What type of analysis will you need, many programs don't include the capability of analyzing CMP surveys which may be necessary.

Do you need to integrate your GPR results with other packages such as ArcGIS or Google Earth? Answer all of these questions and also provide any other information that you think may be relevant so that we can provide useful guidance. For reference at work I have Sensors & Software (PulseEKKO Pro, PulseEKKO 100, PulseEKKO 1000, and Noggin Plus with all antennas and carts), GSSI (multiple SIR-3000 with all antennas and carts), and 3D-RADAR Geoscope hardware. I have all of the S&S software (both last generation and current), GSSI RADAN 6 and 7, Examiner from 3D-RADAR, Reflex-W and GPR-Slice software. You need to pick the appropriate tool for each application. We are planning to buy GSSI or Mala GPRs, but I am open to any other suggestions.

Our primary goal using GPR is to locate underground voids, caves and sinkholes, etc. I know GPR has limited penetrating depths, and other tools I don't know much about might be necessary to look deeper. If we can see up to 10 feet deep in general, we are happy. I am not a geophysicist and I don't know much about the filters or algorithms, but I suppose there are some math tricks out there to help locating underground voids? We don't need to use GPS or other positioning tools with the GPR. I just like to get the best hardware and software combination for locating underground voids, either beneath concrete, pavement or natural soils.

Thanks for any suggestions! The typical problems we face include sub slab voids caused by broken drain or sewer pipes, sinkholes by riverbanks, and karst problems. The typical investigation depth would be less than 10 feet with a lot actually right underneath concrete slabs and asphalt paved surfaces. We don't have any training on GPR and would like to try it. Locally we do have sale agents from GSSI and Mala and they are both willing to provide some 'quick' training on how to use it. Their prices are similar and acceptable to us ~$30,000.

A side note: I hope someday a GPR can be manufactured specifically for void detection, or an option can be added to the data acquisition software for underground void detection. I would like the software to analyze the phase velocities along the depth dimension.

Since the phase velocities of different frequencies should be the same when traveling in air but not in subsurface materials, a waterfall display indicating significance of phase velocity shift in a frequency range would be very helpful for interpreting signals for void detection.